Pharmacokinetic data revealed a fast urinary excretion of hemoCD-Twins with an elimination half-life of 47 min.

In a model using rats, exposure to CO and CN – resulted in a significant decrease in heart rate and blood pressure, which were restored by hemoCD-Twins in association with decreased CO and CN – levels in blood. The mixed solution (hemoCD-Twins) exhibited remarkable protective effects against acute CO and CN – mixed poisoning in mice (~85% survival vs. hemoCD-P is stable in its iron(II) state and captures CO more strongly than native hemoproteins, while hemoCD-I is readily autoxidized to its iron(III) state to scavenge CN – once injected into blood circulation. When these compounds are dissolved in saline, the solution contains two synthetic heme models including a complex of F with P (hemoCD-P) and another one of F with I (hemoCD-I), both in their iron(II) state. The solution contains four compounds: iron(III)porphyrin (Fe IIITPPS, F), two methyl-β-cyclodextrin (CD) dimers linked by pyridine (P圓CD, P) and imidazole (Im3CD, I), and a reducing agent (Na 2S 2O 4, S).

Here, we report on the invention of an injectable antidote against CO and cyanide (CN –) mixed poisoning. Simultaneous poisoning by carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen cyanide is the major cause of mortality in fire gas accidents.

Hydroxocobalamin cyanide mechanism